■'-m"-'m» 


^^^ 


^^ 


NS^^^ 


The  Librai^y  of^  COiVORp^ss, 


LiuFiA-iii^xTsf "s   Of'i'ioi-:, 


TlIlJ  LlUUARiAN  OF  C'ONGHESS, 
WxSlilNOTON,  D.  C 


\VA.sni>roTON,  D.  C. 


Sir  : 

Through  the  courtesy  of  the  Inaugural  Committee,  the  Library  of 
Congress  has  been  provided  with  a  few  copies  of  the  Inaugural  Sou- 
venir containing  a  brief  description  of  the  Inaugural  ceremonies  of 
the  past  one  hundred  years. 

The  authorities  of  the  Library  take  pleasure  in  presenting  a 
copy  to  your  Library  and  one  has  been  sent  you  by  registered  mail. 

Very  respectfully, 

Librarian  of  Congress. 
To  the  Librarian, 


W«C'«&V.v  V^.<^"' 


I 


•^»0\j^i\\j^y 


[naugural  ^^uvenir 
1901 


\  -    ,3 


.vJ 


Copyright  J90i  by 
THE  INAUGURAL  COMMITTEE 


PRESS  OF  W.  F.  ROBERTS 

WASHINGTON 

MCMI 


V 


^*"^S  the  present  Inaugural  celebrates 
^^  t  the  beginning  of  a  second  century 
^  of  Presidential  terms  of  office,  it 
"  was  thought  appropriate  to  have 
the  Souvenir,  at  this  time,  contain 
a  brief  description  of  the  ceremonies  of  the  past 
one  hundred  years*  These  have  been  edited  from  ^ 
material  to  be  found  in  the  Library  of  G)ngress. 
The  portraits  are  reproductions  of  steel  plate  engrav- 
ings from  the  Bureau  of  Engraving  and  Printing, 

^85084 


/ 


OB"  XHX 

■DTNIVERSITY 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON 

Virginia 

J732-J799 

was  resolved**  by  Gjngress  convened  at 
New  York  in  Old  Federal  Hall,  April  29, 
J  789,  **  to  attend  the  installation  of  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  at  twelve  o*cIock 
to-morrow  in  the  Senate  Room,  and  afterward 
to  attend  him  to  Divine  Service  at  St.  PauFs  Church./* 
Accordingly,  General  Washington,  seated  in  a  carriage 
with  G)IoneI  Humphreys,  his  aide-de-camp,  and  Tobias  Lear, 
his  private  secretary,  was  escorted  from  Governor  CIinton*s 
residence  to  Congress  Hall  with  military  and  civic  honors. 
**  To  the  end  that  the  oath  of  office  may  be  administered  in 
the  most  public  manner,**  Vice-President  Adams,  sworn  in 
on  April  20th,  conducted  General  Washington  to  **the  outer 
gallery  **  after  being  formally  received  by  both  Houses  of 
Qjngress.  Qianceflor  Robert  R.  Livingston  then  admin- 
istered the  oath  of  office,  after  which  President  Washington 
returned  to  the  Senate  Chamber  and  delivered  his  inaugural 
address.  Shortly  afterward  the  whole  assembly  attended 
him  to  St.  Paul*s  Church  where  prayers  were  read  by 
Bishop  Samuel  Provost. 

The  day  was  given  up  to  rejoicings,  and  at  night  there 
was  a  brilliant  display  of  fire-works. 

General  Webb,  Colonel  Smith,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Fish, 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Franks,  Major  L*Enfant,  Major  Bleecker 
and  Mr.  Livingston  served  as  assistants  to  the  Senate  and 
House  Committees  on  the  Inaugural  Ceremonies. 

SECOND  TERM 
On  March  4,  \  793,  in  response  to  summons.  Congress 
assembled  in  Independence  Hall,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  where 
President  Washington  was  sworn  into  office  by  Judge  Will- 
iam Gushing  of  the  Supreme  Court,  after  which  the  President 
retired,  **as  he  had  come  without  pomp  or  ceremony.** 


JOHN  ADAMS 

Massachusetts 

J735-J825 


According  to    a    notice    received  from 

;>^*1    *    President-elect  Adams,  both  Houses  of  G)n- 

^    gress  met  in  the  House  of  Representatives, 

^    Congress  Hall,  Philadelphia,  Pa,,  on  March  4, 

^^"*5LjJ   J  79  7,  at  twelve  o^clock  to  witness  his  inau- 


guration.  This  event  was  especially  interesting  since  the 
assembly  for  the  first  time  welcomed  into  private  life  their 
honored  Ex-President,  and  witnessed  the  elevation  of  his 
successor.  Mn  Adams  occupied  the  Speaker's  chair ;  Vice- 
President  Jefferson,  General  Washington  and  Secretary  of 
the  Senate  were  seated  on  his  right ;  the  Speaker  and  Clerk 
of  the  House  on  his  left,  and  Chief  Justice  Oliver  Ellsworth 
and  the  Associate  Judges  at  a  table  in  the  center.  There 
were  present  also  the  foreign  Ministers  and  Ambassadors, 
the  Heads  of  the  Departments,  and  General  Wilkinson,  the 
Commander-in-Chief*  The  ladies  added  to  the  dignity  of 
the  scene,  occupying  seats  on  the  floor  of  the  House*  At 
the  appointed  time  Mr*  Adams  arose  and  read  his  inaugural 
address,  after  which  he  was  sworn  in  by  the  Chief  Justice* 

Upon  retiring  he  was  followed  by  Vice-President  Jefferson, 
as  arranged  by  the  Ex-President,  and  escorted  to  his  home* 

In  the  evening  all  was  festivity  and  joy,  particularly 
when  the  merchants  of  Philadelphia  banqueted  Ex-President 
Washington  on  his  retirement  from  public  life*  **  The 
remains  of  this  f esitval  were  sent  to  the  prisoners  in  the  goal 
and  to  the  sick  in  the  hospital  that  the  unfortunate  and 
afflicted  might  also  rejoice  upon  the  occasion*'* 


UNIVERSITY 


THOMAS  JEFFERSON 

Virginia 

I743-J825 

jHE  scat  of  government  was  removed  from 
Philadelphia  to  Washington  in  J  800,  shortly 
before  the  north  wing  of  the  Capitol  was  com- 
pleted. On  March  4, 180  J,  at  twelve  o'clock, 
in  accordance  with  summons  from  the 
President-elect,  Congress  met  to  honor  the  first  inauguration 
held  in  Washington.  **The  scene  was  the  same  as  exhibited 
upon  former  occasions.** 

At  twelve  o'clock  Thomas  Jefferson  attended  by  a 
number  of  his  fellow  citizens,  among  whom  were  many 
Members  of  Congress,  repaired  to  the  Capitol.  As  he 
entered  a  salute  was  given  by  the  artillery.  On  making 
his  appearance  in  the  Senate  Chamber  he  was  conducted  to 
the  presiding  officer's  chair.  Vice-President  Burr  was 
seated  on  his  right;  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall  on  his  left. 
After  the  delivery  of  his  inaugural  address  the  Chief  Justice 
administered  the  oath  of  office.  Later  he  was  escorted  to 
his  lodgings  although  the  ^^President's  Palace"  was  at  his 
disposal.  The  remainder  of  the  day  was  devoted  to  pur- 
poses of  festivity,  and  at  night  there  was  general  illumination. 
Ex-President  Adams  was  conspicuous  by  his  absence. 
A  study  of  the  newspapers  does  not  confirm  the 
traditional  account  of  the  democratic  manner  in  which 
Mr.  Jefferson   made  his  way  to  and  from   the  Capitol. 

SECOND  TERM 

On  March  4,  1805,  after  delivering  his  inaugural 
address.  President  Jefferson  was  sworn  in  by  Chief  Justice 
John  Marshall,  Vice-President  Clinton  occupying  a  seat  of 
honor.  Afterwards  he  was  waited  upon  by  a  large 
assemblage. 

The  employees  of  the  Navy  Yard  marched  to  military 
music  displaying  with  considerable  taste  the  various  insignia 
of  their  profession. 


>-"■»■  ma 
tTNrVERSITY 


JAMES  MADISON 
Virginia 

HE  morning  of  March  4,  J  809,  was  welcomed 
by  salutes  from  the  Navy  Yard  and  Fort 
Warburton. 

The  Senate  convened  at  eleven  o'clock  in 
the  Chamber  of  the  House  of  Representatives^ 
but  Vice-President  Qinton  was  not  present  to  be  qualified* 
Governor  Milledge  served  as  President  pro  tempore.  The 
Senators  were  soon  joined  by  President  Jefferson,  Judges 
of  the  Supreme  Court,  Members  of  the  House,  Foreign 
Ministers,  and  Heads  of  the  Departments*  A  short  time 
before  twelve  o'clock  Mr.  Madison  left  his  house,  *M5J8  H 
Street,  Northwest,''  under  military  escort. 

At  the  appointed  time  he  entered  the  House  of  Represen- 
tatives attended  by  the  Secretary  of  Treasury,  Secretary  of 
the  Navy,  the  Attorney-General  and  Mr.  Coles,  Secretary  of 
President  Jefferson,  and  was  conducted  to  the  elevated 
chair.  He  then  delivered  his  address,  after  which  Chief 
Justice  John  Marshall  solemnly  administered  the  oath  of 
office.  On  leaving  the  Capitol  President  Madison  passed 
between  lines  drawn  up  by  militia  of  the  District  before 
entering  his  carriage,  and  was  escorted  home  the  same 
way  he  came. 

In  the  evening  there  was  a  grand  ball  at  Long's  HoteL 
SECOND  TERM. 

On  March  4,  J8J3,  he  took  the  oath  of  office  admin- 
istered by  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall  in  the  House  of 
Representatives,  Vice-President  Gerry  presiding.  He  was 
escorted  to  and  from  the  Capitol  by  the  cavalry  of  the 
District  of  Columbia. 

**  In  the  evening  there  was  a  splendid  assembly  at  Davis 
HoteL" 


JAMES  MONROE 

Virginia 

J758-I83J 

HE  ceremony  and  spectacle  attendant  upon 
the  installation  of  President-elect  Monroe  on 
March  4,  1817,  were  simple  and  impressive* 
At  eleven  thirty  a.  m.,  in  company  with 
Vice-President-elect  Tompkins,  he  left  his 
residence  escorted  by  a  large  cavalcade  of  citizens  on  horse- 
back. They  reached  the  Gjngress  Hall  a  little  before  twelve 
o'clock.  At  the  same  time  President  Madison  arrived  together 
with  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  and  entered  the 
Senate  Chamber  where  the  Vice-President  was  inaugurated, 
after  which  they  accompanied  Mr,  Monroe  to  an  elevated 
portico.  Here  he  delivered  his  address.  The  oath  of  office 
was  administered  by  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall,  It  was 
announced  by  a  single  gun,  followed  by  salutes  of  artillery. 
On  his  return  home  President  and  Mrs,  Monroe  received 
the  visits  of  their  friends. 

The  evening  concluded  with  a  ball  at  Davis  HoteL 

SECOND  TERM 

Notwithstanding  the  inclement  weather  an  immense 
crowd  thronged  the  doors  of  the  Capitol  on  March  5,  182  J, 
when  President  Monroe  was  installed  in  the  House  of 
Representatives  after  the  inauguration  of  Vice-President 
Tompkins,  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall  stood  on  the  left 
of  the  President  while  he  delivered  his  address.  As  soon  as 
the  Chief  Justice  administered  the  oath  of  office,  a  salute  of 
artillery  was  heard  from  Fort  Warburton, 

At  the  close  of  this  impressive  ceremony  the  Marine 
Band  played  the  National  Air  of  **Hail,  Columbia**  whilst 
the  President  received  the  congratulations  of  his  fellow- 
citizens. 


"0"'^        RSITY 


JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS 

Massachusetts 

J767-J848 

3  T  was  eleven  o'clock  in  the  morning  when 
the  retiring  President  caDed  at  the  residence 
of  the  President-elect  **i333  F  Street,  North- 
west/' on  the  site  occupied  by  the  Adams 
Building*  Mr*  Adams  was  escorted  to  the 
Capitol  by  cavalry,  several  companies  of  militia  and  a  caval- 
cade of  citizens*  He  was  seated  in  a  carriage  with  the 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  and  Attorney  General.  Additional 
honor  was  paid  him  on  entering  the  Capitol  by  the  U*  S* 
Marine  Corps  commanded  by  Col.  Henderson*  The  Senate 
was  in  session,  John  G  Calhoun  having  been  recently 
sworn  into  office  as  Vice-President*  On  adjournment  they 
proceeded  to  the  House  of  Representatives,  now  known  as 
Statuary  Hall.  Mr*  Adams  after  occupying  the  Speaker's 
chair,  arose  and  read  his  inaugural  address.  At  its  con- 
clusion Chief  Justice  John  Marshall  administered  the  oath  of 
office  as  prescribed  by  the  Constitution.  This  was  the 
signal  for  salutes  of  artillery  from  without*  Among  those 
who  extended  their  hearty  congratulations  were  Ex-President 
Adams,  his  father,  and  General  Jackson,  his  political 
opponent* 

On  leaving  the  Capitol,  President  Adams  passed  in 
review  the  military  companies,  and  returned  to  his  residence 
with  the  same  procession  which  accompanied  him  to  the 
Capitol*  Later  he  called  upon  the  venerable  Ex-President 
Moi^oe  who  still  occupied  the  President's  House. 

In  the  evening  the  inaugural  ball  was  held  at  Carusi's 
Hall* 


TJNIV-ERSITY 


ANDREW  JACKSON 

Tennessee 

J767-1845 


^^^^f^EBSTER  in  speaking  of  the  attendance  at 
f[zj^\!i  !  the  inauguration  of  Andrew  Jackson  on 
I  March  4,  J 829,  said  ''I  never  saw  such 
a  crowd  here  before*  Persons  have  come 
five  hundred  miles  to  see  the  General/* 
There  was  no  military  escort*  Survivors  of  the  Revolution 
presented  themselves  at  Gadsby's  Hotel  about  eleven  o'clock 
in  the  morning  to  do  the  honors*  Soon  afterwards  he  rode 
alone  in  an  open  carriage  to  the  Capitol  accompanied  by  his 
suite  and  supported  by  the  Marshal  of  the  District  and 
Colonel  Nathan  Towson,  followed  by  the  **  Immortals  of 
Washington/*  John  C  Calhoun  had  been  installed  as 
Vice-President*  At  half  past  eleven  o'clock  General  Jackson 
made  his  appearance  in  the  Senate  attended  by  the  Marshal 
of  the  District  and  the  Committee  of  Arrangements*  Half 
an  hour  later  the  Senate  adjourned,  and  a  procession  was 
formed  to  the  eastern  portico,  where  for  the  first  time  a 
President-elect  delivered  his  inaugural  address  before  the 
people*  On  concluding  his  speech,  the  oath  of  office  was 
administered  by  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall*  Amidst  the 
din  of  artillery  salutes,  answered  from  the  forts,  the  President 
retired  in  procession  to  the  President's  Mansion  where  were 
gathered  an  uproarious  crowd* 

At  the  inaugural  ball  a  great  crowd  assembled* 
President  Adams  was  not  in  attendance  at  the  installation 
services* 

SECOND  TERM 

At  twelve  o'clock  on  March  4,  1833,  President  Jackson 
and  Vice-President-elect  Van  Buren  entered  the  Hall  of 
Representatives  and  received  the  oath  of  office  adminis- 
tered by  Chief  Justice  John  Marshall,  after  which  they  retired 
without  any  escort,  receiving  as  they  went  the  congratula- 
tions of  a  great  multitude* 


XTNIVERSITT 


MARTIN  VAN  BUREN 

New  York 

J  782- 1 862 

jOR  the  purpose  of  attending  the  installation 
services  of  Martin  Van  Buren,  the  retiring 
Chief  Magistrate  at  noon  of  March  4,  J  837, 
rode  with  his  former  Vice-President  from  the 
White  House  to  the  Capitol  in  the  beautiful 
phaeton  built  of  the  wood  of  the  frigate  Constitution,  presented 
by  the  Democracy  of  New  York  as  an  expression  of  its 
devotion  to  ^*OId  Hickory/*  They  were  preceded  by  a 
splendid  escort  of  cavalry  and  infantry.  To  the  strains  of 
martial  music  the  procession  moved  along  Pennsylvania 
Avenue.  A  great  crowd  had  coflected  at  the  east  front  of 
the  CapitoL  It  was  with  great  difficulty  that  the  **  Hero  of 
New  Orleans'*  and  the  President-elect  made  their  way 
through  the  throng.  They  were  conducted  to  the  Senate 
Chamber  where  Vice-President  Johnson  had  been  recently 
inaugurated,  and  after  being  formafly  received  they  led  the 
way,  accompanied  by  members  of  the  Senate  and  Cabinet, 
and  Diplomatic  Corps,  to  the  rostrum  in  front  of  the  east 
portico  of  the  CapitoL  After  the  delivery  of  his  inaugural 
address  in  the  presence  of  twenty  thousand  spectators,  and 
the  administration  of  the  oath  of  office  by  Chief  Justice 
Roger  B.  Taney,  President  Van  Buren  was  escorted  to  his 
residence  by  Captain  Mason's  dragoons  and  Captains  Blake's 
and  Bronaugh's  infantry.  He  permitted  General  Jackson 
to  occupy  the  White  House  until  his  departure,  a  few  days 
later,  to  the  **Hcrmitage"  in  Tennessee,  "day  and  Webster 
were  present  at  the  inauguration  with  open  and  cheerful 
countenance." 

In  the  evening  there  was  a  grand  ball  at  Carusi's  HaH^ 
now  Keman's  Theater. 


Of  T.MM 


WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON 

Ohio 

J773-J84J 

|HE  campaign  of  J  840  was  bitterly  contested.  It 
gave  rise  to  the  formation  of  political  clubs* 
There  was  only  needed  the  day  of  March 
4f  J 84 J,  when  General  Harrison  was  to  be 
instafled,  to  further  manifest  the  popular 
enthusiasm.  As  a  result  its  program  was  the 
first  one  similar  to  that  of  recent  inaugurations.  Fully  75,000 
people  were  present.  The  Whigs  of  Baltimore  presented  to 
file  President-elect  a  coach  for  his  use  in  the  procession, 
but  he  preferred  riding  on  horseback*  General  Harrison, 
at  eleven  o'clock,  a*  m.,  joined  the  procession  on  its  way 
to  the  Capitol,  as  it  passed  Mayor  Seaton's  residence. 

Among  the  many  officials,  military  and  political  organi- 
zaiions  in  the  parade  were  the  soldiers  who  fought  under 
General  Harrison,  and  members  of  the  Harrisburg  ODnven- 
tion.  The  floats  of  **Log  Cabins'*  were  an  interesting 
feature.  After  being  received  into  the  Senate  chamber,  where 
Vice-President  Tvler  was  sworn  in,  President-elect  Harrison 
was  escorted  to  tnc  rostrum  in  front  of  the  east  portico  of  the 
Capitol*  Here  General  Harrison  received  the  oath  of  office 
from  Chief  Justice  Roger  B.  Taney.  Later  in  the  afternoon 
a  pubKc  reception  was  held  in  the  White  House*  President 
Harrison  attended  three  balls  in  the  evening* 

JOHN  TYLER 

Virginia 

J790-J862 

President  Harrison  died  on  April  4,  I84t*  Immediately 
a  notification  was  sent  to  Vice-President  Tyler  at  Williams- 
burg, Va.,  over  the  signatures  of  Daniel  Webster,  Secretary 
of  State,  and  other  members  of  the  Cabinet,  in  whose  presence 
the  oath  of  office  as  President  was  administered  two  days 
later  in  Washington*  The  oaA  of  office  taken  was 
attested  the  same  day  by  Chief  Judge  Cranch  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 


^ 


JAMES  KNOX  POLK 

Tennessee 

\795-n49 

NCLEMENT  weather  interfered  somewhat 
with  the  celebration  of  the  inauguration  of 
President-elect  Polk  on  March  4,  J845» 
Every  quarter  of  the  Union  was  represented^ 
and  all  parties  joined  in  the  appropriate 
observance  of  the  day*  At  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning 
the  procession  was  formed  in  front  of  Coleman's  Hotel, 
now  the  National,  under  the  direction  of  Chief  Marshal 
McCalla*  It  comprised  several  military  organizations, 
notably  the  Independent  Blues  of  Baltimore;  Veterans  of 
the  Revolution ;  Qergy  of  the  District ;  members  of  Presi- 
dent Tyler's  Cabinet ;  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court;  Diplo- 
matic Corps;  members  of  the  Twenty -sixth  Congress; 
Empire  Qub  of  New  York;  members  of  the  Baltimore 
Convention  of  J  844,  and  professors  and  students  of  George- 
town Coflege*  President  Tyler  and  President-elect  Polk 
rode  together  in  an  open  carriage  which  was  flanked  by  the 
Fairfax  Cavalry.  An  hour  later  the  parade  moved  along 
Pennsylvania  Avenue  towards  the  CapitoL  About  the  same 
time  the  Senate  had  convened  for  the  purpose  of  installing 
Vice-President-elect  Dallas*  Shortly  after  these  ceremonies 
were  ended  President  Tyler  and  President-elect  Polk  entered 
the  Senate  chamber*  In  company  with  Ex-President  J*  Q* 
Adams  they  were  escorted  to  the  eastern  portico  of  the 
Capitol  where  the  President-elect  delivered  his  inaugural 
address,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  the  oath  of  office  was 
administered  by  Chief  Justice  Roger  B*  Taney. 

The  usual  public  reception  was  held  at  the  White  House 
on  the  arrival  of  President  Polk  from  the  Capitol. 

Inaugural  balls  were  held  in  the  evening  at  the  National 
Theater,  Carusi's  Saloon  and  Washington  Assembly  Rooms. 


'^B  R A  n ^ 

^K   in*      


ZACHARY  TAYLOR 

Louisiana 

J784-J850 

HE  inauguration  of  General  Zachary  Taylor 
took  place  March  5,  J  849,  at  nine  o'clock  a.  m. 
One  hundred  Marshals  of  the  parade  paid 
their  respect  to  the  President-elect  at  Willard's 
HoteL  The  military  escort  comprised  com- 
panies from  Baltimore,  Washingfton,  George- 
town and  LaureL  The  **  Baltimore  Defenders/*  who  took 
part  in  the  defense  of  that  city  in  J8J4,  honored  the  **  Hero 
of  the  Mexican  War  **  with  tneir  presence*  The  President- 
elect rode  in  a  carriage  drawn  by  four  grey  horses.  With 
him  were  seated  Ex-Speaker  Winthrop  of  the  House  and  the 
Mayor  of  Washington,  The  procession  moved  at  half  past 
eleven  o'clock*  President  Polk  entered  the  General's  carriage 
and  occupied  a  seat  to  his  right  when  the  parade  halted  in 
front  of  Irving's  Hotel,  northeast  comer  of  Twelfth  Street 
and  Pennsylvania  Avenue,  where  the  retiring  President 
was  sojourning*  At  half  past  twelve  o'clock  the  Presi- 
dent and  President-elect  arrived  at  the  east  front  of  the 
Capitol  and  were  escorted  to  the  Senate  Chamber,  Vice- 
President  Fillmore  having  been  installed  by  Senator  Atchison 
of  Missouri*  Later  a  second  procession  was  formed  to  the 
eastern  portico  of  the  Capitol  where  General  Taylor  delivered 
his  inaugural  address  in  the  presence  of  20,000  people*  Chief 
Justice  Roger  B*  Taney  administered  the  oath  of  office,  after 
which  the  President  was  escorted  to  the  White  House.  In 
the  evening  military  and  civil  balls  were  held  at  Carusi's, 
Jackson  Hall  and  Qty  Hall  Saloon,  which  were  attended  by 
the  President* 

MILLARD  FILLMORE 

New  York 

J800-1874 

President  Taylor  died  on  July  9, 1850,  and  in  accordance 
with  summons  from  Vice-President  Fillmore  both  Houses  of 
CcMigress  assembled  in  the  Hall  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives at  twelve  o'clock  on  the  day  following  when  the  oath 
of  office  as  President  was  administered  to  Mr.  Fillmore  by 
Chief  Judge  William  Cranch  of  the  Circuit  Court* 


^^rvERsxry 


FRANKLIN  PIERCE 

New  Hampshire 

J804-J869 

HE  morning  of  March  4,  J  853,  when  Presi- 
dent-elect Pierce  was  inaugurated,  was  spent 
by  the  various  military  and  political  organi- 
zations in  marching  through  the  different 
sections  of  the  Gty,  headed  by  their  favorite 
bands.  At  noon  the  procession  moved  along  Pennsylvania 
Avenue  to  the  Capitol,  halting  in  front  of  Williard's  Hotel 
to  receive  General  Pierce  who  was  seated  with  President 
Fillmore  in  a  barouche  presented  by  his  Boston  friends. 
There  were  in  line  the  Marshals,  Judiciary,  Clergy,  twenty- 
two  Military  Companies,  ^Vlarines,  Governmental  and  State 
Officials,  Foreign  Ministers,  Diplomatic  Corps,  Visiting  Gvic 
and  Political  Organizations.  At  one  o'clock  p.  m»  the  parade 
arrived  at  the  Capitol*  After  being  escorted  to  the  Senate, 
President  Fillmore  and  General  Pierce  were  conducted  to  a 
platform  in  front  of  the  eastern  portico  of  the  Capitol  where 
the  President-elect  delivered  his  inaugural  address  without 
manuscript  At  its  close  Chief  Justice  Roger  B*  Taney 
administered  the  oath  of  office. 

Later  a  public  reception  was  held  in  the  White  House. 
Vice-President-elect  King  was  absent  on  account  of  illness* 
It  was  hoped  that  a  winter  residence  in  Cuba  might  improve 
his  health*  **As  near  as  could  be  calculated  he  was  taking 
the  oath  of  office  at  a  plantation  on  the  hills  above  Mantanza 
at  the  same  time  that  President-elect  Pierce  was  being  pre- 
sented to  the  United  States  Senate,  in  the  Senate  Chamber 
at  Washington.  United  States  Consul  Rodney  at  the  Cuban 
port,  performed  the  office  of  administering  the  oath  to  the 
Vice-President-elect.**  Mr.  King  did  not  live  to  enjoy  the 
honor  of  the  Vice-Presidency* 


JAMES  BUCHANAN 
Pennsylvania 

|RESIDENT-cIect  Buchanan  was  inaugu- 
rated March  4,  J857»  The  enthusiasm 
created  by  the  military  and  civic  organi- 
zations in  their  marching  and  counter^ 
marching  was  never  equalled  on  former 
occasions.  Large  delegations  poured  in  from  Maryland^ 
Pennsylvania  and  Virginia^  The  attendance  was  double 
that  at  the  inauguration  of  Pierce.  Major  General  Quitman 
as  Marshal-in-Chief  headed  the  parade  formed  at  noon. 
The  procession  comprised  the  usual  civic  and  military 
organizations.  President  Pierce  and  President-elect  Buchanan 
were  seated  in  an  open  carriage  with  Senator  Bigler  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Senator  Foot  of  Vermont*  On  arriving 
at  the  Capitol  the  presidential  party  was  escorted  to  the 
Senate  chamber  where  was  witnessed  the  installation  of 
Vice-President-elect  Breckenridge,  Senator  Bright  admin- 
istering the  oath  of  office.  A  few  minutes  later  the  same 
party  was  conducted  to  the  platform  in  front  of  the  eastern 
portico  of  the  Capitol  where  40,000  people  were  gathered 
to  witness  the  solemn  ceremonies. 

After  the  delivery  of  President-elect  Buchanan's  inaugu- 
ral address,  Chief  Justice  Roger  B.  Taney  administered  the 
oath  of  office*  Under  military  escort  President  Buchanan 
made  his  way  to  the  White  House* 

A  notable  feature  of  the  evening  was  the  inaugural  ball 
which  likewise  surpassed  any  previous  effort*  A  large  hall 
was  constructed  for  the  occasion  on  Judiciary  Square. 
Supper  was  served  at  mid-night*  President  Buchanan  and 
Ex-President  Pierce  joined  in  the  festivity. 


ABRAHAM  LINCOLN 

Illinois 
1809-J865 

lEBRUARY  n,  186 J,  President-elect  Lincoln 
left  Springfield,  III.,  for  Washing^ton,  to  be 
inaugurated  on  March  4th.  His  parting 
words  to  his  feflow-townsmen  expressed  the 
critical  situation  of  the  times:  **I  leave,  not 
knowing  when  or  whether  ever  I  may  return, 
with  a  task  before  me  greater  than  that  which  rested  upon 
Washington/'     Mr.  Lincoln  arrived  on  February  23d. 

The  program  for  the  procession  was  arranged  by  Generals 
Scott,  Sumner  and  Stone.  President  Buchanan,  Senators 
Baker  and  Pierce  were  seated  in  the  same  carriage  with  the 
President-elect.  The  presidential  partv  with  its  body  guard 
of  cavalry,  infantry  ana  riflemen  formea  the  head  of  the  parade 
which  moved  about  12.30  P»  m.  At  J. 15p.m. the  President- 
elect entered  the  Senate.  The  swearing-in  of  Vice-president 
Hamlin  was  soon  performed,  after  which  Mr.  Lincoln  was 
escorted  to  the  east  portico.  After  the  delivery  of  his  inaugu- 
ral address.  Chief  Justice  Roger  B.  Taney  administered  the 
oath  of  office  in  presence  of  30,000  people. 

Inaugural  ball  was  given  in  the  evening  in  a  building 
temporarily  erected  on  Judiciary  Square. 

SECOND  TERM 
The  inauguration  took  place  March,  4, 1 865.  Vice-Presi- 
dent-elect Johnson  was  installed  on  the  arrival  of  President 
Lincoln  in  the  Senate  Chamber.  Later  being  escorted  to 
the  eastern  portico  of  the  Capitol  the  President  delivered  a 
a  short  inaugural  address.  Chief  Justice  Salmon  P.  Chase 
administereothe  oath  of  office.  An  inaugural  ball  was  given 
on  evening  of  March  6th  in  the  Model  Room  of  Patent  CSf  ice. 

ANDREW  JOHNSON 

Tennessee 
J808-J875 
Vice-President  Johnson  was  informed  by  the  members 
of  the  Cabinet  of  President  Lincoln's  death  on  April  15,  J  865. 
Chief  Justice  Chase  administered  the  oath  of  office  to  the 
Vice-President  at  Kirkwood  Hotel  at  eleven  o'clock  on  the 
same  day,  in  the  presence  of  the  Cabinet  officers  and  several 
senators. 


ULYSSES  SIMPSON  GRANT 

Illinois 

J822-I885 

HE  morning  of  March  4^  J  869,  on  which  day- 
General  (Sant  was  inaugurated  President, 
did  not  promise  propitious  weather  for  its 
celebration.  The  popularity  of  the  Presi- 
dent-elect, as  well  as  the  confidence  in  his 
ability  to  solve  the  difficult  state  questions, 
brought  to  Washington  a  greater  number  of  people  than 
ever  assembled  at  previous  inaugurations.  The  procession 
comprised  eight  divisions,  military  and  civic  organizations, 
under  the  direction  of  Chief  Marshal  Webb*  At  10.50 
a*  m..  General  Grant  rode  in  an  open  carriage  with  General 
Rawlings  from  his  headquarters,  corner  &venteenth  and 
F  streets,  followed  in  carriages  by  members  of  his  late  staff, 
and  Vice-President-elect  Couax.  Later  they  joined  the  pro- 
cession on  Pennsylvania  avenue,  and  at  U  o'clock  a  move- 
ment was  made  in  direction  of  the  CapitoL  Precisely  at 
\2  o'clock  General  Grant  accompanied  by  Senator  Cragin 
entered  the  Senate  chamber,  and  shortly  afterwards  was 
escorted  to  the  east  portico  of  the  CapitoL  After  the  oath 
of  office  was  administered  by  Chief  Justice  Salmon  P.  Chase, 
General  Grant  delivered  his  inaugural  address* 

The  inaugural  ball  was  held  in  the  north  wing  of  the 
Treasury  buflding. 

SECOND  TERM 

The  inauguration  took  place  on  March  4,  J  8  73.  The 
same  enthusiasm  was  manifested  as  on  previous  occasion. 
General  Grant  was  seated  in  a  carriage  with  Senators 
Sprague,  Logan  and  Bayard.  During  the  ceremonies  the 
President  occupied  the  chair  used  at  the  first  installation  of 
President  Washington.  Vice-President  Wilson  had  been 
installed.  The  oam  of  office  was  again  admininistered  by 
Qiief  Justice  Chase,  after  which  the  inaugural  address  was 
delivered  by  President  Grant. 

The  inaugural  ball  was  held  at  night  in  a  hall  constructed 
for  the  occasion  at  an  expense  of  $40,000  in  Judiciary  Square. 


RUTHERFORD  BIRCHARD  HAYES 

Ohio 

J822-I893 

[RESIDENT-  elect  Hayes  was  inaugurated 
publicly  March  5,  J877,  the  legal  day 
falling  on  Sunday,  but  **  as  a  matter  of 
precaution  he  took  the  oath  of  office  in 
the  red  parlor  of  the  White  House,  on 
Saturday  evening  March  3d  at  seven  o'clock  in  the  presence 
of  General  Grant  and  two  or  three  others,  Chief  Justice 
Waite  administering  the  oath/*  While  there  was  no  elabo- 
rate preparation  for  the  day,  still  the  pageant  was  in  every 
respect  worthy  of  admiration.  The  parade  was  made  up 
of  six  divisions,  military  and  civic  organizations.  The 
President-elect  and  his  cofleague  Mr.  Wheeler  in  company 
with  their  friends  were  driven  to  the  White  House  about 
ten  o'clock  a.  m,  where  they  were  received  by  General 
Grant*  At  the  same  time  the  procession  was  being  formed 
under  the  direction  of  Chief  Marshal  Whipple*  The  parade 
arrived  at  the  Capitol  at  U.SO  a.  m.»  At  twelve  o'clock 
noon  President-elect  Hayes,  President  Grant  and  Cabinet 
entered  the  Senate  Chamber  where  Vice -President -elect 
Wheeler  had  been  previously  instafled*  The  presidential 
party  was  shortly  afterwards  escorted  to  the  east  portico  of 
the  Capitol  where  the  President-elect  delivered  his  inaugural 
address,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  Chief  Justice  M.  R. 
Waite  administered  the  oath  of  office* 

At  2*30  p.  m.  a  sumptuous  lunch  was  served  in  the 
family  dining  room  of  the  White  House  in  honor  of  its  new 
incumbents*    There  was  no  public  reception. 

In  the  evening  there  was  a  great  torch-light  procession, 
and  a  reception  to  president  Hayes  in  Willard's  Hotel  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Columbus  Cadets. 


JAMES  ABRAM  GARFIELD 

Ohio 

I83I-J88I 

|RESE)ENT- elect  Garfield  was  inaugu- 
rated March  4,  J 88 J.  In  the  carriage 
seated  with  him  in  the  first  division  of 
the  procession  were  President  Hayes, 
Senators  Thurman  and  Bayard,  foflowed 
hy  Vice -President -elect  Arthur  and  Senator  Pendleton* 
General  W»  T,  Sherman  was  grand  marshal  It  was  \2 
o^cIock  noon  when  the  Vice-President-elect  was  escorted 
into  the  Senate  chamber,  where  in  the  presence  of  the  for- 
eign and  state  officials,  judiciary,  presidential  party,  etc*,  he 
was  sworn  in  by  Vice-President  Wheeler,  ^er  which  a 
second  procession  was  formed  to  the  eastern  portico  of  the 
Capitol  where  the  inaugural  address  was  delivered.  Chief 
Justice  M.  R.  Waite  administered  the  oath  of  office.  On 
President  Garfield^s  return  to  the  White  House,  the  whole 
procession  passed  in  review  before  the  President. 

The  inaugural  ball  in  the  evening  was  held  in  the 
unfinished  Museum  building  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution. 

CHESTER  ALAN  ARTHUR 
New  York 
I830-J886 
Vice-President  Arthur  was  notified  of  the  death  of  Presi- 
dent Garfield  on  September  \9,  J 88  J,  and  was  advised  by 
the  members  of  the  Cabinet  to  take  oath  of  office  without 
delay*  Accordingly  at  2  o^cIock  p.  m.  on  September  20th, 
Judge  John  R.  Brady,  of  the  New  York  Supreme  Court, 
administered  to  him  the  prescribed  oath  at  his  residence  in 
New  York  Gty*  On  Thursday,  September  22d,  President 
Arthur  again  took  the  oath  of  office  in  the  Vice-President's 
room  of  the  Capitol,  Chief  Justice  Waite  administering  the 
same.  Ex-Presidents  Grant  and  Hayes  were  present.  His 
first  official  act  was  to  proclaim  Monday,  September  26th, 
the  day  of  President  Garfield^s  funeral  and  burial,  as  a  day 
of  humiliation  and  mourning  throughout  the  United  States* 


GROVER  CLEVELAND 
New  York 
J837 
HE  inauguration  of  Grover  Cleveland  on 
March  4,  1885^  signalized  the  return  of  the 
Democracy  to  power,  and  was  celebrated 
with  great  spirit,  the  procession  and  military- 
display  being  large  and  imposing. 
President-elect  Cleveland  and  Vice-president-elect  Hen- 
dricks were  conducted  to  the  White  House  about  JO  o^cIock 
a.  m,  by  the  Senate  Committee  of  Arrangements,  and  were 
presented  to  President  Arthur  by  Marshal  McMichael*  At 
I0.30  o^cIock  the  President  and  President-elect  left  the  White 
House.  They  were  seated  in  an  open  carriage  with  Sena- 
tors Sherman  and  Ransom.  The  second  carriage  contained 
the  Vice-President-elect  and  Senator  Hawley.  The  Presi- 
dent's carriage  was  preceded  by  General  Slocum,  the  Chief 
Marshal  and  his  staff  and  a  troop  of  !!♦  S.  cavalry  at  the 
head  of  the  first  division,  foflowed  by  three  other  divisions 
of  militia,  political  clubs  and  civic  societies.  Soon  after  \  I 
o'clock  they  began  their  march  to  the  Capitol. 

The  presidential  party  was  escorted  into  the  Senate 
Chamber  where  Vice-President-elect  Hendricks  was  sworn 
in  by  Senator  Edmunds*  Precisely  at  J  2. 30  p.  m.  the 
second  procession  was  formed  to  the  east  portico  of  the 
Capitol  where  President-elect  Cleveland  delivered  his  inaugu- 
ral address,  at  the  conclusion  of  which  Chief  Justice  M»  R» 
"Waite  administered  the  oath  of  office. 

The  usual  review  of  the  procession  by  the  President 
foflowed  this  ceremony.  The  inaugural  bafl  in  the 
evening  was  held  in  the  court  of  the  new  Pension  Office. 

SECOND  TERM 
Inauguration  took  place  March  4,  1893.    The  military 
display,  interest  in  the  inaugural  ceremonies  and  attendance 
at  the  evening  celebration  were  greatly  in  evidence.    Chief 
Justice  M*  W.  Fufler  administered  Hie  oath  of  office* 


BENJAMIN  HARRISON 

Indiana 

J833 

|AIN  fell  in  torrents  as  .the  procession  was 
formed  on  the  morning  of  March  4,  1889^ 
when  General  Harrison  was  inaugurated* 
Pennsylvania  avenue  presented  a  singular 
scene^  **  a  heaving  sea  of  shining  umbrellas 
that  seemed  to  form  a  continuous  cover  over  the  pavements/' 
Those  who  took  part  in  the  parade  numbered  about  30,000,- 
It  was  made  up  of  five  divisions,  comprising  the  Regulars, 
Militia,  veteran  soldier  organizations  and  civic  associations. 
Governor  James  A.  Beaver,  of  Pennsylvania,  was  the  chief 
marshal,  his  chiefs  of  divisions  being  Generals  Hartranft,. 
Foraker  and  Warren*  The  Seventieth  Indiana,  the  Presi- 
dent-elect's old  regiment,  served  as  an  escort. 

About  JO  o'clock  a,  m.  the  presidential  party  left  the 
White  House  to  join  the  procession  on  Pennsylvania  avenue. 
In  an  open  carriage  were  seated  President  Qeveland,  Presi- 
dent-elect Harrison,  Senators  Hoar  and  CockreD,  foDowed 
by  Vice-President-elect  Morton  and  Senator  Cuflom,  They 
reached  the  Capitol  at  J  J, 50  a,  m,  and  were  conducted  to 
the  Senate  Chamber  where  the  Vice-President-elect  was 
instafled  by  Senator  Ingalls,  At  12.35  p,  m.  General  Harri- 
son was  ceremoniously  escorted  through  the  rotunda  to  the 
platform  on  the  eastern  central  portico  where  the  oath  of 
office  was  administered  to  him  by  Chief  Justice  M,  W. 
Fufler,  after  which  President  Harrison  delivered  his  inaugu- 
ral address.  On  his  return  to  the  White  House  the  pro- 
cession was  reviewed  by  the  President, 

The  inaugural  ball  was  held  in  the  evening  in  the  Pen- 
sion building. 

The  venerable  Ex-President  Hamlin  was  in  attendance- 
at  the  inaugural  ceremonies. 


WILLIAM  McKINLEY 
Ohio 
J843 
O  such  display  has  been  witnessed  on  any- 
similar  occasion  in  the  past  as  on  the  celebra- 
tion of  the  inauguration  of  President-elect 
McKinley  on  March  4,  J897,  The  inaugu- 
ral ceremony  was  a  model  of  simplicity,  and 
symbolized  well  the  democracy  of  the  Union,  Party  senti- 
ment was  absent  to  a  greater  degree  than  ever  before* 
Features  of  the  pageant  were  the  perfect  balance  between 
its  constrasting  parts  and  the  high  order  of  skill  in  handling 
the  military  and  civic  divisions  of  the  parade.  General 
Horace  Porter  officiated  as  grand  marshal.  About  10 J5 
o'clock  a,  m.  the  President-elect  and  Vice-President-elect 
were  escorted  to  the  White  House  where  they  were  received 
by  President  Cleveland,  Shortly  afterwards  the  presidential 
party  was  conducted  from  the  Executive  Mansion  to  the  head 
of  the  first  division  of  the  procession  which  had  been  formed,. 
In  an  open  carriage  were  seated  President  Qeveland^ 
President  -  elect  McKinley  and  Senators  Sherman  and 
Mitchell,  Preceding  as  a  personal  escort  was  the  Black 
Horse  Troop  of  Qeveland,  Ohio,  and  following  came  the 
one  hundred  veterans  of  the  Twenty-third  Ohio  Volunteers,. 
The  speciafly  mounted  aids  were  the  five  Ex-Presidents' 
sons.  About  12,20  p,  m.  President  Cleveland  and  Presi- 
dent-elect  McKinley  entered  the  Senate  Chamber  where 
Vice-President-elect  Hobart  was  sworn  into  office.  Later 
President-elect  McKinley  was  conducted  to  the  east  portico 
of  the  Capitol  where  he  delivered  his  inaugural  address  after 
the  oath  of  office  had  been  administered  by  Chief  Justice 
M,  W»  Fufler.  The  procession  was  reviewed  by  President 
McKinley  from  a  stand  in  front  of  the  White  House  on  his 
return  from  the  inaugural  ceremonies. 

At  night  the  inaugural  ball  was  held  in  the  Pension 
building. 


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JAN  27  \i2\ 


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OCT  4  194^ 


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